- Connecting the steering steering wheel and steering rack.
- Enables lowering or upwards movement of steering wheel according to drivers height/ requirement
- Connects the steering cross on one end of the steering rod and steering wheel on the other.
- Steering wheel is heavy and is not easy to turn left or right
- Steering wheel is not aligned in the center automatically
- Steering wheel is wobbly and not easy to navigate.
Types Of Steering System
Before we talk in detail, it is important to know that there are majorly two types of Steering Systems used in commercial vehicles. First one which is commonly known as Rack and Pinion System and the conventional one known in the market as the Recirculating Ball Steering System. You will be briefly learning about both the steering systems and also how the pressure assisted Power Steering System works.Rack And Pinion Steering System
One of the most common steering systems, the Rack and Pinion, gets its name from the two gears it works on, the Rack (the linear gear) and the Pinion (circular gear). This system is used in most cars and is usually employed in light-duty vehicles. Its working may appear complex but uses quite simple physics.Assembly of a Rack And Pinion
The steering wheel contains a shaft connected to it and on the other end of that shaft is the Pinion. The pinion is situated on top of the rack and moves in the direction in which the steering wheel is moved. The rack has a tie rod end attached to one of the sides. The tie rods are attached to the steering arm which is further connected to the wheel hub. Now lets learn how the Rack and Pinion System works.Mechanism
When you control the direction of the steering wheel the shaft rotates along with it. This further rotates the pinion which is situated on top of the rack. The rotation of the pinion makes the rack move which further results in moving the tie rod. The tie rod attached to the steering arm simultaneously causes the wheels to turn. The size of the pinion affects the turn radius of the vehicle. If the pinion is large in size, it turns out that you will get more turning radius at a short steering angle but will make it harder to control. On the other hand, a smaller pinion means it’ll be easier to control but you will need multiple steering wheel turns to make the LCV take a sharp turn. This is how the Rack and Pinion System works. It is a simple device however it can use multiple complex and advanced systems that can make it even better to use.
Recirculating Ball Steering System
Also known by multiple names such as the worm & sector and recirculating ball & nut, this steering system is majorly found in vintage cars and heavy-duty commercial vehicles like trucks and buses. Its mechanism is not similar to the rack and pinion steering system.Assembly
There are two gears present in the recirculating ball steering system, the Sector gear and the worm gear. The steering wheel is attached to a threaded shaft which is connected to a block. The worm gear is comparatively big and goes through the block which is molded in such a manner that it allows the worm gear inside to work. This block contains gear teeth outside to which the sector gear is attached. This sector gear is then attached to the pitman arm while it is connected to the tie rod. There are ball bearings present inside the block that fill the thread of the worm gear.Mechanism
When you control the direction of the steering wheel the shaft rotates along with it. The gear is bolted to restrict it from moving up and down. This allows the block and the worm gear to rotate. The rotation makes the block move as it is not restricted down by any force. The moving block then works the sector gear which in turn moves the pitman arm. The thread of the worm gear contains ball bearings which reduce the friction and prevent the slop in gear. This was the mechanism of the recirculating ball steering system. It is rarely used now in cars and is majorly found in trucks. With the brief explanation of both steering systems done we can now move further to the power steering system which is not a steering system but the support option that assists both of these steering systems by decreasing the amount of physical force of the driver and making it easier for him to turn the steering.
Power Steering System
The power steering system single-handedly made the steering of a vehicle a walk in the park. We will now briefly learn about the power steering utilized by the rack and pinion steering system. The power steering is like an upgrade to the rack and pinion system which makes it easier to use. Mainly the pressure tubes, rotary control valve, pump, fluid lines and a hydraulic piston and power steering yoke. The purpose of the pump is to simply pump the fluid around when required. The rotary control valve ensures that the movement of fluid is only performed when the driver is actually steering the car. The hydraulic piston moves around depending on which fluid line brings the high-pressure fluid. This piston movement on the rack makes it easier for the driver as it is applying most of the force necessary to steer the car. This concludes the brief discussion on how a hydraulic power steering system works.| MNo | Item | Vehicle |
| T296 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 4923(16.5″) | TATA 4923 |
| T347 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 1613 SFC(18″) | TATA 1613 |
| T391 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 407 21 SPLINE(17.5″) | TATA 407 |
| T392 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 609 21 SPLINE(16″) | TATA 609 |
| T431 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 709 21 SPLINE(16.25″) | TATA 709 |
| T432 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 407 TURBO 16 SPLINE(17”) | TATA 407 |
| T433 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 609 TURBO 16 SPLINE(17”) | TATA 609 |
| T434 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA709 TURBO 16 SPLINE(16”) | TATA 709 |
| T435 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA SUMO 21 SPLINE (O/M)(8.5″) | TATA SUMO Old model |
| T436 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA SUMO DX(N/M)(8″) | TATA SUMO Dx New Model |
| T437 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 2515 RANE,(2515EX) | TATA 2515 Rane |
| T438 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 2515 ZF(20″) | TATA 2515 Z/f |
| T440 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 1613 TC,3015,1512(15”) | TATA 1613 TC, 3015, 1512 |
| T441 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 1613 LPT(11.75″) | TATA 1613 LPT |
| T443 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 4018(17″) | TATA 4018 Old Model |
| T454 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 4018(N/M),3118(14″) | TATA 4018 New Model, 3118 |
| T455 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 1109(16″) | TATA 1109 |
| T458 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 1109(EX)(20″) | TATA 1109 Ex |
| T459 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 207 DI(15.25″) | TATA 207 di |
| T460 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 909(18.5″) | TATA 909 |
| T461 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 410(20″) | TATA 410 |
| T462 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 712(14″) | TATA 712 |
| T463 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA CITY RIDE(11.75″) | TATA City Ride |
| T480 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 1109 BS-3(16.5″) | TATA 1109 BS3 |
| T481 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 1613 BS-3 | TATA 1613 BS3 |
| T482 | STEERING YOKE AND TEETH TATA 3118 | TATA 3118 |
| T3040 | steering yoke & teeth L/L u truck 196mm [12”] | Leyland U truck |
| T3041 | steering yoke & teeth L/L u truck 255mm [14”] | Leyland U truck |
| T3042 | steering yoke & teeth L/L u truck 305mm [16”] | Leyland U truck |
| T1882 | STEERING ROD ASSEMBLY MAXXIMO | Mahindra Maximmo |
| T1883 | STEERING ROD ASSEMBLY ACE N/M LONG | TATA ACE |
| T1884 | STEERING ROD ASSEMBLY ZIP/IRIS WITH PLATE SONA TYPE | TATA IRIS |
| T488 | STEERING CROSS ASSEMBLY ACE (WITH ROD) | TATA ACE |
| T489 | STEERING CROSS ASSEMBLY MAGIC (WITH ROD) | TATA MAGIC |
| T490 | STEERING CROSS ASSEMBLY IRIS (WITH ROD) | TATA IRIS |
| T491 | STEERING CROSS ASSEMBLY SUPER ACE (WITH ROD) | TATA Super Ace |
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